LLM Advanced Topics

Production RAG • Fine Tuning • Evaluation • JSON Pipelines • Multimodal AI Apps

Overview

Modern LLM systems require more than prompt engineering. This guide introduces advanced production concepts used to reliably deploy, scale, and evaluate AI applications.

Production RAG

Retrieval-augmented generation with vector stores, chunking strategies, retrieval scoring, and latency‑optimized pipelines.

Fine Tuning

Model adaptation using techniques like QLoRA, SFT, DPO, and domain‑specific supervised datasets.

Evaluation

Automated evals for accuracy, faithfulness, relevance, safety, and structured output consistency.

JSON Extraction Pipelines

Reliable schema enforcement, validation loops, and LLM-as-parser designs for structured data workflows.

Multimodal AI Apps

Combining text, images, audio, and video to build powerful AI-driven interactive systems.

Advanced LLM Workflow

1. Data Prep

Collect, clean, chunk, and label data.

2. Vectorization

Embed text and store in vector DB.

3. Model Training

Perform SFT, fine tuning, or LoRA.

4. Evaluation

Run automated quality and safety tests.

5. Deployment

Optimize for latency and cost.

Common Use Cases

Enterprise Q&A

Reliable RAG systems over internal documents.

Automated Agents

Structured action pipelines using JSON outputs.

Multimodal Assistants

Image, audio, and video-driven experiences.

RAG vs Fine Tuning

RAG

  • Uses external knowledge
  • Easy updates
  • Lower cost than training

Fine Tuning

  • Bakes knowledge into model weights
  • Improves style and domain adaptation
  • Useful for highly consistent outputs

FAQ

Do I need both RAG and fine tuning?

Often yes. RAG provides context; fine tuning refines behavior.

How do I ensure accurate JSON outputs?

Use schema validation loops and constrained decoding when possible.

Are multimodal models production ready?

Yes for many use cases, but latency and cost should be considered.

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